Gosenshu 11
後撰和歌集巻第一
恋三
- 恋歌三（行）
700-702 have short prose prefaces and are "B"-type poems (poems read after meeting, these are 募る恋 and もゆる恋) （佐藤）
700
女につかはしける
Sent to a woman
- 女に] 女のもとに（行・中・堀・雲・坊・八*・標）
三條右大臣
Sanjo Minister of the Right (Fujiwara no Sanekata)
名にしおはゞ 相坂山の さねかづら 人にしられで くるよしも哉
If you bear the name of the Kadsura of Osaka Mountain, then I wish for a way to visit my beloved without people knowing.
- おはば] おへば（堀*）
- 人にしられで] 人にしれて（堀）
- もがな] もかなら（堀）
- 名にしおはゞ
- Perhaps borrowed from the famous Ise 9 poem on the 都鳥. There seems to be some difference of opinion on where exactly this connects to; a number of commentators think it is 相坂山 or both that and さねかづら, others think it is only さねかづら. The し is emphasis.
- 相坂山
- As usual this plays on 逢ふ, but here it also leads into the さねかづら growing on the mountain.
- さねかづら
- A type of evergreen 蔓草. Here it leads into くる (playing on 繰る and 来る). The さね part suggests さ寝 (sleeping together). Keichu interprets the さね as 誠, but it seems that Norinaga disagreed with this. Nakayama adds the idea that the plant is 打ちなびく物 and thus suggests a woman. Kifune also links the plant to woman by saying its sap was used as a kind of hair gel.
- しられで
- Tameie evidently reads this as しられて and interprets as "if people are going to know anyway, I'd rather it be a pleasant meeting." However, the usual reading is しられで (the poet wants a way to meet without being known). Kigin notes that the さねかずら creeps along without being seen or known when it's going to curl.
--
Katagiri believes that a cutting from a かづら was probably sent along with the poem, to make the imagery more evident (this also shows up in the 異見, as well as in Tokuhara). Whether the place name has any relevance to the situation is unknown, but it may be in the poem simply to call forth the wordplay.
Nakayama quotes Keichu and Mabuchi's 百人一首 commentaries in full and also adds additional notes but at the end he seems to think that they have some unnecessary theories or detail.
Mabuchi felt that since men usually visit women, the くる here cannot refer to the woman, but must refer to the man's 帰りくる after the meeting. The 異見 disagrees with this, but also uses the strange interpretation that the woman's name was さね which thus provides the reason for the use of that image. This issue is covered by other commentators as well, with Kifune and other modern commenters suggesting that the くる is the man coming to the woman (from her perspective), but others have the woman visiting the man.
選釈 says this is a 平凡 poem but at the same time has good 音調 and sounds good read aloud.
In the 水無瀬の玉藻, there is a story that Saigyo asked Teika about Shunzei's poetic teachings, and Teika gave this poem as one example of a poem his father recommended as one to learn from.
素性集「音にのみならしの岡のさねかづら人しれずこそくらまほしけれ」 (Also SIS 699, but not as closely related)
Other sources:
- 古今和歌六帖３８８８（さねかづら）
- 三条右大臣集１８. Prose preface 女のもとにつかはしける.
- 新時代不同歌合６２
- 百人秀歌 百人一首 定家八代抄 五代歌枕（相坂山） 歌枕名寄
701
在原元方
Ariwara no Motokata
- 作者ナシ（堀*）
こひしとは 更にといはじ したひもの とけむを人は それとしら南
I shall not say again that I long for you. I want you to know that by the unraveling of your trouser cord.
- したひものとけむ
- This is based on the idea (which goes back to the MYS) that if someone is longing for you, your trouser cord will come loose. In this case (as Toshiyori indicates in the 俊頼髄脳), it's read out of annoyance that the addressee will not respond or acknowledge the longing of the poet. Takeoka (in 伊勢物語全評釈) voices as したびも on evidence from the MYS, following the 時代別国語大辞典（上代編）.
- 人
- In this case, the woman addressee.
--
This is a simple, direct poem with no significant disagreement as to interpretation.
KKS 507 思ふともこふともあはん物なれやゆふてもたゆくとくる下ひも
Other sources:
- 古今和歌六帖３３４８・ひも
- 元方集（部類名家集切) - per Kifune
- 左兵衛佐定文歌合解題 (One manuscript includes this poem, however it may be that this contest featured previous poems that had not originally been written for the contest)
- 俊頼髄脳
- 伊勢物語111段
- 定家八代抄
702
返し
Response
よみ人しらず
Poet unknown
したびもの しるしとするも とけなくに かたるがごとは あらずもある哉
The lower cord that serves as a sign has not loosened... It seems that things are not as you explain!
- とけなくに] たのまれず（中*）
- かたる] かかる(かかるィ)（堀）、かかる（雲）
- かことは] かことに（安ィ・正ィ）
- あらずも] こひすも（八）
- ある哉] あらなん（正保ィ・旧国ィ）Nakayama felt this reading did not work, although he supported the Ise reading as sounding good as well.
- したびものしるしとする
- This seems to be an example of a 準体言 (that is, しるしとする下紐).
- とけなくに
- 「少しも解けないのですが...」（新体系）「解けないのですから、」（全釈）「解けませんのに。」（新注）「解けないのですけど。」（和歌大系）「ここで切れる」（竹岡）
- かたるがごとはあらずもある哉
- 「あなたの気持ちはお話になるほどでもないのですね」（新体系、和歌大系） Katagiri also says that 語る gives a stronger nuance of continuous, detailed talk (as opposed to using 言ふ). Takeoka cites numerous examples to support his reading of the word as meaning "skillfully explain/talk" (although in this case, at least in Ise,
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See GSS 523.
Other sources:
- 古今和歌六帖３３４９・ひも. 5th line こひずそあるべき
- 伊勢物語１１１段。5th line こひずぞあるべき. The poems occur in the opposite order as the GSS. Sato Komei believes that in this case the Ise drew from the GSS.
703
(84r) 女のいと思はなれていふにつかはしける
Sent to a woman who was being distant.
うつゝにも はかなき事の わびしきは ねなくに夢と 思なりけり
Though real, what is sad about the fleeting thing is that without sleeping, I'm seeing a dream.
- 女のいと思はなれていふ
- 「思いが離れているように言う女。そっけない言葉を言う女」（新体系）.
- 夢
- The brief meeting is being symbolized as a dream.
--
Sato treats 703-724 as a block of poems on 逢へざる恋 and 離れゆく恋 themes. He notes the use of わびしきは in both poems 703 and 704.
See GSS 598, which is the same except for the third line. Kifune (following Sato) stresses that this is a different poem because it's a man rather than a woman writing, and the circumstance is different.
「我え忘れぬはかなきは、ねぬに見る夢と思えて、現とも覚えずとなり」（八代集抄）
Other sources:
- 古今和歌六帖２０５４・片思
704
宮づかへする女のあひがたく侍けるに
つらゆき
たむけせぬ 別する身の わびしきは 人めを旅と 思なりけり
- たむけせぬ] たむけする（堀*）、そむけせむ（正*）
- わびしき] かなしき（正*）、わびしさ（慶）
- たび] こひ（標ィ）
- たむけせぬ別
- Normally a たむけ would be used on a journey as a prayer for safety, but since this separation is not actually a "journey," no たむけ is used.
- 人めを旅
- The suffering of a journey is compared with the suffering of having to separate due to people's attention (新体系).
--
「理屈っぽく共通点と相違点を抽出しながら抒情・詠嘆へ流してゆく貫之の詠法が示されている」（新体系）
Other sources:
- 貫之集５６８. No prose preface (in a group marked 恋).
- 古今和歌六帖２４０４・たむけ. Author つらゆき. First line たむけする.
