KKS Kanajo 1 - Revision history

Jchristo at 17:54, 13 May 2026

2026-05-13T17:54:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:54, 13 May 2026
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	[[Kana Preface\|Contents]] \| [[KKS Kanajo 2\|Part 2]]		[[KKS Kana Preface\|Contents]] \| [[KKS Kanajo 2\|Part 2]]

	= Text =		= Text =
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	Medieval commentaries contained a number of specific examples to explain the references in the second part of the paragraph. Several sources contain legends involving frogs and birds actually composing 31-syllable poems, although these are roundly condemned starting in the 15th century and have no identifiable sources outside of these commentaries. More long lasting in the tradition are citations of poems that supposedly "moved the heavens," such as those that brought rain or brought a horse back to health -- these poems are found in actual sources but the legends are later inventions. See Katagiri v1 p 101, ff. for details. Although the legends have no real basis or applicability to Tsurayuki's poetics, they exerted a large amount of influence in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods.		Medieval commentaries contained a number of specific examples to explain the references in the second part of the paragraph. Several sources contain legends involving frogs and birds actually composing 31-syllable poems, although these are roundly condemned starting in the 15th century and have no identifiable sources outside of these commentaries. More long lasting in the tradition are citations of poems that supposedly "moved the heavens," such as those that brought rain or brought a horse back to health -- these poems are found in actual sources but the legends are later inventions. See Katagiri v1 p 101, ff. for details. Although the legends have no real basis or applicability to Tsurayuki's poetics, they exerted a large amount of influence in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods.

	[[Kana Preface\|Contents]] \| [[KKS Kanajo 2\|Part 2]]		[[KKS Kana Preface\|Contents]] \| [[KKS Kanajo 2\|Part 2]]

Jchristo at 17:54, 13 May 2026

2026-05-13T17:54:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:54, 13 May 2026
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	<ruby>倭歌<rt>やまとうた</rt></ruby>は人の心を種として、よろづの言の葉とぞなれりける。世の中にある人、事・<ruby>業<rt>わざ</rt></ruby>繁げきものなれば、心に思ふことを見るもの聞くものにつけて言ひ出だせるなり。花に鳴く<ruby>鶯<rt>うぐひす</rt></ruby>、水に住む<ruby>蛙<rt>かはづ</rt></ruby>の声を聞けば、生きとし生けるもの、いづれか歌を詠まざりける。力をも入れずして、<ruby>天地<rt>あめつち</rt></ruby>を動かし、目に見えぬ<ruby>鬼神<rt>おにかみ</rt></ruby>をもあはれと思はせ、男女の仲をも和らげ、<ruby>猛<rt>たけ</rt></ruby>き<ruby>武士<rt>もののふ</rt></ruby>の心をも<ruby>慰<rt>なぐ</rt></ruby>さむるは歌なり。		<ruby>倭歌<rt>やまとうた</rt></ruby>は人の心を種として、よろづの言の葉とぞなれりける。世の中にある人、事・<ruby>業<rt>わざ</rt></ruby>繁げきものなれば、心に思ふことを見るもの聞くものにつけて言ひ出だせるなり。花に鳴く<ruby>鶯<rt>うぐひす</rt></ruby>、水に住む<ruby>蛙<rt>かはづ</rt></ruby>の声を聞けば、生きとし生けるもの、いづれか歌を詠まざりける。力をも入れずして、<ruby>天地<rt>あめつち</rt></ruby>を動かし、目に見えぬ<ruby>鬼神<rt>おにかみ</rt></ruby>をもあはれと思はせ、男女の仲をも和らげ、<ruby>猛<rt>たけ</rt></ruby>き<ruby>武士<rt>もののふ</rt></ruby>の心をも<ruby>慰<rt>なぐ</rt></ruby>さむるは歌なり。

	Yamato poems take human hearts as their seeds, and become ten thousand words. People in the world ~~encounter many~~ things, so they entrust what they think in their hearts to what they see and hear and send forth speech. When we hear the warblers chirping in the flowers and the voices of the frogs who live in the water, what among living things does not compose poetry? The thing that can move earth and heaven without expending strength, make unseen gods and demons feel pathos, soften the relations between men and women, and soothe the hearts of fierce warriors, is poetry.		Yamato poems take human hearts as their seeds, and become ten thousand words. People in the world are surrounded by a profusion of things, so they entrust what they think in their hearts to what they see and hear and send forth speech. When we hear the warblers chirping in the flowers and the voices of the frogs who live in the water, what among living things does not compose poetry? The thing that can move earth and heaven without expending strength, make unseen gods and demons feel pathos, soften the relations between men and women, and soothe the hearts of fierce warriors, is poetry.

	= Notes =		= Notes =
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	;Ten thousand words		;Ten thousand words
	:That is, "many/various words."		:That is, "many/various words." The term ''koto no ha'' for "word" contains ''ha'' ("leaf"), creating a connection to the "seed" of the first part.

	;many things		;many things
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	;frog		;frog
	:Because the warbler is a spring image, many commentaries have suggested that this is an autumn "kajika frog," but as Takeoka and Katagiri both show through exhaustive examples, the term ''kawazu'' is just a poetic word for "frog" and refers to normal spring frogs. Thus this is not a paired spring-autumn ~~image~~, but just two spring images used to stand in for all animals. [[File:Pelophylax bedriagae - Levant water frog 01.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|A frog (''kawazu'')]]		:Because the warbler is a spring image, many commentaries have suggested that this is an autumn "kajika frog," but as Takeoka and Katagiri both show through exhaustive examples, the term ''kawazu'' is just a poetic word for "frog" and refers to normal spring frogs. Thus this sentence does not present paired spring and autumn imagery, but just two spring images used to stand in for all animals. [[File:Pelophylax bedriagae - Levant water frog 01.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|A frog (''kawazu'')]]

	= Analysis =		= Analysis =
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	{{Quote\|Poetry is the product of earnest thought. Thought [cherished] in the mind becomes earnest; exhibited in words, it becomes poetry...therefore, correctly to set forth the successes and failures [of government], to move Heaven and Earth, and to excite spiritual Beings to action, there is no readier instrument than poetry. \| trans. James Legge \| ''Classic of Poetry,'' preface}}		{{Quote\|Poetry is the product of earnest thought. Thought [cherished] in the mind becomes earnest; exhibited in words, it becomes poetry...therefore, correctly to set forth the successes and failures [of government], to move Heaven and Earth, and to excite spiritual Beings to action, there is no readier instrument than poetry. \| trans. James Legge \| ''Classic of Poetry,'' preface}}

	The commentaries to the Classic expand on this, but Katagiri holds that Tsurayuki's expression of the thought is clearer.		The commentaries to the ''Classic'' expand on this, but Katagiri holds that Tsurayuki's expression of the thought is clearer.

	Medieval commentaries contained a number of specific examples to explain the references in the second part of the paragraph. Several ~~works~~ contain legends involving frogs and birds actually composing 31-syllable poems, although these are roundly condemned starting in the 15th century and have no identifiable sources outside of these commentaries. More long lasting in the tradition are citations of poems that supposedly "moved the heavens," such as those that brought rain or brought a horse back to health -- these poems are found in actual sources but the legends are later inventions. See Katagiri v1 p 101, ff. for details. Although the legends have no real basis or applicability to Tsurayuki's poetics, they exerted a large amount of influence in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods.		Medieval commentaries contained a number of specific examples to explain the references in the second part of the paragraph. Several sources contain legends involving frogs and birds actually composing 31-syllable poems, although these are roundly condemned starting in the 15th century and have no identifiable sources outside of these commentaries. More long lasting in the tradition are citations of poems that supposedly "moved the heavens," such as those that brought rain or brought a horse back to health -- these poems are found in actual sources but the legends are later inventions. See Katagiri v1 p 101, ff. for details. Although the legends have no real basis or applicability to Tsurayuki's poetics, they exerted a large amount of influence in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods.

	[[Kana Preface\|Contents]] \| [[KKS Kanajo 2\|Part 2]]		[[Kana Preface\|Contents]] \| [[KKS Kanajo 2\|Part 2]]

Jchristo at 17:49, 13 May 2026

2026-05-13T17:49:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:49, 13 May 2026
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	<ruby>倭歌<rt>やまとうた</rt></ruby>は人の心を種として、よろづの言の葉とぞなれりける。世の中にある人、事・<ruby>業<rt>わざ</rt></ruby>繁げきものなれば、心に思ふことを見るもの聞くものにつけて言ひ出だせるなり。花に鳴く<ruby>鶯<rt>うぐひす</rt></ruby>、水に住む<ruby>蛙<rt>かはづ</rt></ruby>の声を聞けば、生きとし生けるもの、いづれか歌を詠まざりける。力をも入れずして、<ruby>天地<rt>あめつち</rt></ruby>を動かし、目に見えぬ<ruby>鬼神<rt>おにかみ</rt></ruby>をもあはれと思はせ、男女の仲をも和らげ、<ruby>猛<rt>たけ</rt></ruby>き<ruby>武士<rt>もののふ</rt></ruby>の心をも<ruby>慰<rt>なぐ</rt></ruby>さむるは歌なり。		<ruby>倭歌<rt>やまとうた</rt></ruby>は人の心を種として、よろづの言の葉とぞなれりける。世の中にある人、事・<ruby>業<rt>わざ</rt></ruby>繁げきものなれば、心に思ふことを見るもの聞くものにつけて言ひ出だせるなり。花に鳴く<ruby>鶯<rt>うぐひす</rt></ruby>、水に住む<ruby>蛙<rt>かはづ</rt></ruby>の声を聞けば、生きとし生けるもの、いづれか歌を詠まざりける。力をも入れずして、<ruby>天地<rt>あめつち</rt></ruby>を動かし、目に見えぬ<ruby>鬼神<rt>おにかみ</rt></ruby>をもあはれと思はせ、男女の仲をも和らげ、<ruby>猛<rt>たけ</rt></ruby>き<ruby>武士<rt>もののふ</rt></ruby>の心をも<ruby>慰<rt>なぐ</rt></ruby>さむるは歌なり。

	Yamato poems take human hearts as their seeds, and become ten thousand words. People in the world encounter many things, so they entrust what they think in their hearts to what they see and hear and send forth speech. When we hear the warblers chirping in the flowers and the voices of the frogs who live in the water, what among living things does not compose poetry? ~~What~~ can move ~~the heavens~~ without expending strength, make unseen gods and demons feel pathos, soften the relations between men and women, and soothe the hearts of fierce warriors, is poetry.		Yamato poems take human hearts as their seeds, and become ten thousand words. People in the world encounter many things, so they entrust what they think in their hearts to what they see and hear and send forth speech. When we hear the warblers chirping in the flowers and the voices of the frogs who live in the water, what among living things does not compose poetry? The thing that can move earth and heaven without expending strength, make unseen gods and demons feel pathos, soften the relations between men and women, and soothe the hearts of fierce warriors, is poetry.

	= Notes =		= Notes =

Jchristo at 01:26, 9 December 2025

2025-12-09T01:26:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:26, 9 December 2025
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	Medieval commentaries contained a number of specific examples to explain the references in the second part of the paragraph. Several works contain legends involving frogs and birds actually composing 31-syllable poems, although these are roundly condemned starting in the 15th century and have no identifiable sources outside of these commentaries. More long lasting in the tradition are citations of poems that supposedly "moved the heavens," such as those that brought rain or brought a horse back to health -- these poems are found in actual sources but the legends are later inventions. See Katagiri v1 p 101, ff. for details. Although the legends have no real basis or applicability to Tsurayuki's poetics, they exerted a large amount of influence in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods.		Medieval commentaries contained a number of specific examples to explain the references in the second part of the paragraph. Several works contain legends involving frogs and birds actually composing 31-syllable poems, although these are roundly condemned starting in the 15th century and have no identifiable sources outside of these commentaries. More long lasting in the tradition are citations of poems that supposedly "moved the heavens," such as those that brought rain or brought a horse back to health -- these poems are found in actual sources but the legends are later inventions. See Katagiri v1 p 101, ff. for details. Although the legends have no real basis or applicability to Tsurayuki's poetics, they exerted a large amount of influence in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods.

			[[Kana Preface\|Contents]] \| [[KKS Kanajo 2\|Part 2]]

Jchristo at 01:26, 9 December 2025

2025-12-09T01:26:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:26, 9 December 2025
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			[[Kana Preface\|Contents]] \| [[KKS Kanajo 2\|Part 2]]

	= Text =		= Text =

Jchristo at 01:23, 9 December 2025

2025-12-09T01:23:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:23, 9 December 2025
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	= ~~Translation~~ =		= Text =

			<ruby>倭歌<rt>やまとうた</rt></ruby>は人の心を種として、よろづの言の葉とぞなれりける。世の中にある人、事・<ruby>業<rt>わざ</rt></ruby>繁げきものなれば、心に思ふことを見るもの聞くものにつけて言ひ出だせるなり。花に鳴く<ruby>鶯<rt>うぐひす</rt></ruby>、水に住む<ruby>蛙<rt>かはづ</rt></ruby>の声を聞けば、生きとし生けるもの、いづれか歌を詠まざりける。力をも入れずして、<ruby>天地<rt>あめつち</rt></ruby>を動かし、目に見えぬ<ruby>鬼神<rt>おにかみ</rt></ruby>をもあはれと思はせ、男女の仲をも和らげ、<ruby>猛<rt>たけ</rt></ruby>き<ruby>武士<rt>もののふ</rt></ruby>の心をも<ruby>慰<rt>なぐ</rt></ruby>さむるは歌なり。

	Yamato poems take human hearts as their seeds, and become ten thousand words. People in the world encounter many things, so they entrust what they think in their hearts to what they see and hear and send forth speech. When we hear the warblers chirping in the flowers and the voices of the frogs who live in the water, what among living things does not compose poetry? What can move the heavens without expending strength, make unseen gods and demons feel pathos, soften the relations between men and women, and soothe the hearts of fierce warriors, is poetry.		Yamato poems take human hearts as their seeds, and become ten thousand words. People in the world encounter many things, so they entrust what they think in their hearts to what they see and hear and send forth speech. When we hear the warblers chirping in the flowers and the voices of the frogs who live in the water, what among living things does not compose poetry? What can move the heavens without expending strength, make unseen gods and demons feel pathos, soften the relations between men and women, and soothe the hearts of fierce warriors, is poetry.

	--		= Notes =

	;Yamato poems		;Yamato poems
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	:Because the warbler is a spring image, many commentaries have suggested that this is an autumn "kajika frog," but as Takeoka and Katagiri both show through exhaustive examples, the term ''kawazu'' is just a poetic word for "frog" and refers to normal spring frogs. Thus this is not a paired spring-autumn image, but just two spring images used to stand in for all animals. [[File:Pelophylax bedriagae - Levant water frog 01.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|A frog (''kawazu'')]]		:Because the warbler is a spring image, many commentaries have suggested that this is an autumn "kajika frog," but as Takeoka and Katagiri both show through exhaustive examples, the term ''kawazu'' is just a poetic word for "frog" and refers to normal spring frogs. Thus this is not a paired spring-autumn image, but just two spring images used to stand in for all animals. [[File:Pelophylax bedriagae - Levant water frog 01.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|A frog (''kawazu'')]]

	--		= Analysis =

	The first section of the preface presents a broad description of the nature of poetry. Parallels for the expression can be found in the 5th century [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Literary_Mind_and_the_Carving_of_Dragons ''The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons''] as well as the preface and classical commentaries to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classic_of_Poetry ''Classic of Poetry''].		The first section of the preface presents a broad description of the nature of poetry. Parallels for the expression can be found in the 5th century [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Literary_Mind_and_the_Carving_of_Dragons ''The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons''] as well as the preface and classical commentaries to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classic_of_Poetry ''Classic of Poetry''].
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	Medieval commentaries contained a number of specific examples to explain the references in the second part of the paragraph. Several works contain legends involving frogs and birds actually composing 31-syllable poems, although these are roundly condemned starting in the 15th century and have no identifiable sources outside of these commentaries. More long lasting in the tradition are citations of poems that supposedly "moved the heavens," such as those that brought rain or brought a horse back to health -- these poems are found in actual sources but the legends are later inventions. See Katagiri v1 p 101, ff. for details. Although the legends have no real basis or applicability to Tsurayuki's poetics, they exerted a large amount of influence in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods.		Medieval commentaries contained a number of specific examples to explain the references in the second part of the paragraph. Several works contain legends involving frogs and birds actually composing 31-syllable poems, although these are roundly condemned starting in the 15th century and have no identifiable sources outside of these commentaries. More long lasting in the tradition are citations of poems that supposedly "moved the heavens," such as those that brought rain or brought a horse back to health -- these poems are found in actual sources but the legends are later inventions. See Katagiri v1 p 101, ff. for details. Although the legends have no real basis or applicability to Tsurayuki's poetics, they exerted a large amount of influence in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods.

	~~= Japanese Text =~~
	<ruby>倭歌<rt>やまとうた</rt></ruby>は人の心を種として、よろづの言の葉とぞなれりける。世の中にある人、事・<ruby>業<rt>わざ</rt></ruby>繁げきものなれば、心に思ふことを見るもの聞くものにつけて言ひ出だせるなり。花に鳴く<ruby>鶯<rt>うぐひす</rt></ruby>、水に住む<ruby>蛙<rt>かはづ</rt></ruby>の声を聞けば、生きとし生けるもの、いづれか歌を詠まざりける。力をも入れずして、<ruby>天地<rt>あめつち</rt></ruby>を動かし、目に見えぬ<ruby>鬼神<rt>おにかみ</rt></ruby>をもあはれと思はせ、男女の仲をも和らげ、<ruby>猛<rt>たけ</rt></ruby>き<ruby>武士<rt>もののふ</rt></ruby>の心をも<ruby>慰<rt>なぐ</rt></ruby>さむるは歌なり。

Jchristo at 19:08, 26 November 2025

2025-11-26T19:08:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:08, 26 November 2025
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	= Translation =		= Translation =

	Yamato ~~<ref>Test</ref>~~ poems take human hearts as their seeds, and become ten thousand words. People in the world encounter many things, so they entrust what they think in their hearts to what they see and hear and send forth speech. When we hear the warblers chirping in the flowers and the voices of the frogs who live in the water, what among living things does not compose poetry? What can move the heavens without expending strength, make unseen gods and demons feel pathos, soften the relations between men and women, and soothe the hearts of fierce warriors, is poetry.		Yamato poems take human hearts as their seeds, and become ten thousand words. People in the world encounter many things, so they entrust what they think in their hearts to what they see and hear and send forth speech. When we hear the warblers chirping in the flowers and the voices of the frogs who live in the water, what among living things does not compose poetry? What can move the heavens without expending strength, make unseen gods and demons feel pathos, soften the relations between men and women, and soothe the hearts of fierce warriors, is poetry.

	--		--

Jchristo at 19:08, 26 November 2025

2025-11-26T19:08:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:08, 26 November 2025
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	= Translation =		= Translation =

	Yamato poems take human hearts as their seeds, and become ten thousand words. People in the world encounter many things, so they entrust what they think in their hearts to what they see and hear and send forth speech. When we hear the warblers chirping in the flowers and the voices of the frogs who live in the water, what among living things does not compose poetry? What can move the heavens without expending strength, make unseen gods and demons feel pathos, soften the relations between men and women, and soothe the hearts of fierce warriors, is poetry.		Yamato <ref>Test</ref> poems take human hearts as their seeds, and become ten thousand words. People in the world encounter many things, so they entrust what they think in their hearts to what they see and hear and send forth speech. When we hear the warblers chirping in the flowers and the voices of the frogs who live in the water, what among living things does not compose poetry? What can move the heavens without expending strength, make unseen gods and demons feel pathos, soften the relations between men and women, and soothe the hearts of fierce warriors, is poetry.

	--		--

Jchristo at 18:30, 13 November 2025

2025-11-13T18:30:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:30, 13 November 2025
Line 33:		Line 33:
	The commentaries to the Classic expand on this, but Katagiri holds that Tsurayuki's expression of the thought is clearer.		The commentaries to the Classic expand on this, but Katagiri holds that Tsurayuki's expression of the thought is clearer.

	Medieval commentaries contained a number of specific examples to explain the references in the second part of the paragraph. Several works contain legends involving frogs and birds actually composing 31-syllable poems, although these are roundly condemned starting in the 15th century and have no identifiable sources outside of these commentaries. More long lasting are poems that supposedly brought rain or brought a horse back to health -- these poems are found in actual sources but the legends are later inventions. See Katagiri v1 p 101, ff. for details. Although the legends have no real basis or applicability to Tsurayuki's poetics, they exerted a large amount of influence in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods.		Medieval commentaries contained a number of specific examples to explain the references in the second part of the paragraph. Several works contain legends involving frogs and birds actually composing 31-syllable poems, although these are roundly condemned starting in the 15th century and have no identifiable sources outside of these commentaries. More long lasting in the tradition are citations of poems that supposedly "moved the heavens," such as those that brought rain or brought a horse back to health -- these poems are found in actual sources but the legends are later inventions. See Katagiri v1 p 101, ff. for details. Although the legends have no real basis or applicability to Tsurayuki's poetics, they exerted a large amount of influence in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods.

	= Japanese Text =		= Japanese Text =
	<ruby>倭歌<rt>やまとうた</rt></ruby>は人の心を種として、よろづの言の葉とぞなれりける。世の中にある人、事・<ruby>業<rt>わざ</rt></ruby>繁げきものなれば、心に思ふことを見るもの聞くものにつけて言ひ出だせるなり。花に鳴く<ruby>鶯<rt>うぐひす</rt></ruby>、水に住む<ruby>蛙<rt>かはづ</rt></ruby>の声を聞けば、生きとし生けるもの、いづれか歌を詠まざりける。力をも入れずして、<ruby>天地<rt>あめつち</rt></ruby>を動かし、目に見えぬ<ruby>鬼神<rt>おにかみ</rt></ruby>をもあはれと思はせ、男女の仲をも和らげ、<ruby>猛<rt>たけ</rt></ruby>き<ruby>武士<rt>もののふ</rt></ruby>の心をも<ruby>慰<rt>なぐ</rt></ruby>さむるは歌なり。		<ruby>倭歌<rt>やまとうた</rt></ruby>は人の心を種として、よろづの言の葉とぞなれりける。世の中にある人、事・<ruby>業<rt>わざ</rt></ruby>繁げきものなれば、心に思ふことを見るもの聞くものにつけて言ひ出だせるなり。花に鳴く<ruby>鶯<rt>うぐひす</rt></ruby>、水に住む<ruby>蛙<rt>かはづ</rt></ruby>の声を聞けば、生きとし生けるもの、いづれか歌を詠まざりける。力をも入れずして、<ruby>天地<rt>あめつち</rt></ruby>を動かし、目に見えぬ<ruby>鬼神<rt>おにかみ</rt></ruby>をもあはれと思はせ、男女の仲をも和らげ、<ruby>猛<rt>たけ</rt></ruby>き<ruby>武士<rt>もののふ</rt></ruby>の心をも<ruby>慰<rt>なぐ</rt></ruby>さむるは歌なり。

Jchristo at 16:16, 5 November 2025

2025-11-05T16:16:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:16, 5 November 2025
Line 15:		Line 15:

	;warbler		;warbler
	:The ''uguisu,'' a common early spring image. [[File:Cettia_diphone_(crying).JPG\|200px\|thumb\|right\|A crying warbler~~. Courtesy of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_bush_warbler#/media/File:Cettia_diphone_~~(~~crying~~)~~.JPG Wikipedia]~~]]		:The ''uguisu,'' a common early spring image. [[File:Cettia_diphone_(crying).JPG\|200px\|thumb\|right\|A crying warbler (''uguisu'')]]

	;fierce warriors		;fierce warriors
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	;frog		;frog
	:Because the warbler is a spring image, many commentaries have suggested that this is an autumn "kajika frog," but as Takeoka and Katagiri both show through exhaustive examples, the term ''kawazu'' is just a poetic word for "frog" and refers to normal spring frogs. Thus this is not a paired spring-autumn image, but just two spring images used to stand in for all animals. [[File:Pelophylax bedriagae - Levant water frog 01.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|A frog.]]		:Because the warbler is a spring image, many commentaries have suggested that this is an autumn "kajika frog," but as Takeoka and Katagiri both show through exhaustive examples, the term ''kawazu'' is just a poetic word for "frog" and refers to normal spring frogs. Thus this is not a paired spring-autumn image, but just two spring images used to stand in for all animals. [[File:Pelophylax bedriagae - Levant water frog 01.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|A frog (''kawazu'')]]

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